Iron(II) iodide

Iron(II) iodide
Names
IUPAC name Iron(II) iodide
Other names Ferrous iodide
Identifiers
CAS Number	7783-86-0^Y
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
ChemSpider	74200
ECHA InfoCard	100.029.119
EC Number	232-031-2
PubChem CID	82220
UNII	F5452U54PN^Y
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID301014473 DTXSID10329658, DTXSID301014473
InChI InChI=1S/Fe.2HI/h;21H/q+2;;/p-2 Key: BQZGVMWPHXIKEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L InChI=1/Fe.2HI/h;21H/q+2;;/p-2 Key: BQZGVMWPHXIKEQ-NUQVWONBAN
SMILES [Fe+2].[I-].[I-]
Properties
Chemical formula	FeI₂
Molar mass	309.65 g/mol
Appearance	White to off-white or grey^[1] powder
Density	5.315 g/cm³
Melting point	587 °C (1,089 °F; 860 K)
Boiling point	827 °C (1,521 °F; 1,100 K)
Solubility in water	soluble
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	+13,600·10⁻⁶ cm³/mol
Related compounds
Other anions	Iron(II) fluoride Iron(II) chloride Iron(II) bromide
Other cations	Manganese(II) iodide Cobalt(II) iodide
Related Iron iodides	Iron(III) iodide
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references

Chemical compound

Iron(II) iodide is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula FeI₂.^[1]^[2] It is used as a catalyst in organic reactions.

Preparation

Iron(II) iodide can be synthesised by the reaction of iron with iodine at 500 °C:^[1]^[3]

Fe + I₂ → FeI₂

This is in contrast to the other iron(II) halides, which are best prepared by reaction of heated iron with the appropriate hydrohalic acid.

Fe + 2 HX → FeX₂ + H₂

Alternatively, the synthesis can be carried out by treating freshly reduced iron with concentrated hydriodic acid under a nitrogen atmosphere in methanol. The initially obtained hexamethanol solvate is then thermally decomposed to anhydrous iodide:

Fe + 2 HI + 6 MeOH → FeI₂·6MeOH + H₂

FeI₂·6 MeOH → FeI₂ + 6 MeOH

Extremely finely divided iron(II) iodide is obtained by thermal decomposition of tetracarbonyldiiodidoiron(II) (Fe(CO)₄I₂).^[3]

In contrast to the ferrous fluoride, chloride and bromide, which form known hydrates, the diiodide is speculated to form a stable tetrahydrate but it not been characterized directly.^[4]

Chemical properties

Iron(II) iodide is a hygroscopic red-violet to black solid that is soluble in water, ethanol and diethyl ether. Rapid oxidation occurs in solution and in moist air.^[5] It turns whitish when exposed to air. The solution in water is colorless.

Dissolving iron metal in hydroiodic acid is another route to aqueous solutions of iron(II) iodide. Crystalline hydrates precipitate from these solutions.^[1]^{[clarification needed]}

Physical properties

Iron(II) iodide adopts the same crystal structure as cadmium iodide (CdI₂).^[1] It crystallizes in the trigonal crystal system of the cadmium hydroxide type with the space group P3m1 (space group no. 164) and lattice constants a = 404 pm, c = 675 pm.^[3]^[6]

Applications

Iron(II) iodide is used as an ingredient in homeopathic medicines. In the field of application it is known as Ferrum jodatum. However, the attributed effect, particularly against glandular diseases, has not been scientifically confirmed.

It is also used for the production of alkali iodides.^[6]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. pp. 1083–1084. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.
^ University of Akron Chemical Database Archived 2012-12-12 at archive.today
^ ^a ^b ^c Handbuch der präparativen anorganischen Chemie. 3 (3., umgearb. Aufl ed.). Stuttgart: Enke. 1981. ISBN 978-3-432-87823-2.
^ Wren, J.C; Glowa, G.A; Merritt, J (1999). "Corrosion of stainless steel by gaseous I₂". Journal of Nuclear Materials. 265 (1–2): 161–177. doi:10.1016/s0022-3115(98)00504-2. ISSN 0022-3115.
^ Lautenschläger, Karl-Heinz; Schröter, Werner; Wanninger, Andrea (2007). Taschenbuch der Chemie (20., überarb. u. erw. Aufl., [Ausg. mit CD-ROM] ed.). Frankfurt am Main: Deutsch. ISBN 978-3-8171-1760-4.
^ ^a ^b Ans, Jan d'; Ans, Jan d' (1998). Elemente, anorganische Verbindungen und Materialien. Taschenbuch für Chemiker und Physiker / D'Ans (4., neubearb. u. rev. Aufl ed.). Ort nicht ermittelbar: Verlag nicht ermittelbar. ISBN 978-3-540-60035-0.