Arthur Ashe

**Arthur Ashe**
Pojedinačno

Nadimak	Arthur Ashe pozdravlja predsjednika Reagana
Država	Sjedinjene Američke Države
Datum rođenja	10. juli 1943.
Mjesto rođenja	Richmond, Virginia, SAD
Datum smrti	6. februar 1993. (49.godina)
Visina	185 cm
Težina	73 kg
Profesionalni početak	{{{Profesionalni početak}}}
Kraj karijere	1980
Ruka kojom igra	desna
Trener	nema
Novčane nagrade	2,584,909 US dolar
Turnirske pobjede	33
Najbolje mjesto na listi	1 (1975.)
Parovi
Turnirske pobjede	18
Podaci zadnji put aktualizirani: 14. jula 2010. godine

Arthur Robert Ashe, Jr. bio je profesionalni teniser iz Sjedinjenih Američkih Država.

U svojoj profesionalnoj karijeri osvojio je 3 Grand Slam titule i to jedan US Open, jedan Wimbledon i jedan Australian Open. Ashe je najbolji teniser svijeta bio tokom 1975. godine. Time je jedan on najboljih Američkih tenisera svih vremena.^[1]

Privatni život

Ashe je služio u vojsci Sjedinjenih Američkih Država u periodu od 1966-1968. gdje je dobio čin poručnika. Ashe se oženio Jeanne Moutoussamy 20. februara 1977. Ona je bila fotograf a, upoznali su se četiri mjeseca prije vjenčanja. Zajedno su usvojili kćerku koja je rođena 21. decembra 1986. godine. Ime je dobila po profesiji majke a zvala Camera. Arthur je umro kada je ona imala samo šest godina. Arthur je doživio srčani udar 1979. godine. Javnost i svi su bili šokirani s obzirom na činjenicu da je bio u dobroj formi i da je bio sportista.

Tokom 1988. godine Arthur je saznao da je zaražen virusom HIV. Zaražen je dok je primao transfuzije krvi tokom jedne od dvije operacije. On i njegova žena su to prikrivali dosta dugo sve do 8. aprila 1992. kada je sam Ashe priznao da je zaražen. U svom priznanju bazirao se na velikom broju zaraženih u svijetu i da je to ozbiljan problem. Dva mjeseca prije smrti Ashe je osnovao Arhur Ashe institut za zdravlje. Te godine je izabran za sportistu godine. Ashe je umro 6. februara 1993. godine od toksoplazmoze, infekcije vezana za sidu. Tačan uzrok infekcije je nepoznat.

Profesionalna karijera

Arthur Ashe je postao profesionalni teniser 1969. godine. Godinu dana kasnije osvojio je svoj drugi Grand Slam i to Australian Open. Prvi Grand Slam koji je osvojio bio je US Open 1968. godine.Godine 1975. Ashe osvaja svoj treći i zadnji Grand Slam, a to je bio Wimbledon. U finalu neočekivano je pobjedio Jimmya Connorsa s 6-1 6-1 5-7 6-4. Na putu do osvajanja Wimbledona Ashe je u četvrtfinalu bio bolji od Björna Borga s 2-6 6-4 8-6 6-1. Ashe je igrao tenis još nekoliko godina ali nakon operacije srca 1979. definitivno se oprostio od tenisa 1980. Ashe ostaje jedini Afro-amerikanac koji je osvojio Wimbledon, Australian Open i US Open. Ashe je jedan od dva tenisera afričkog porijekla koji su osvojila Grand Slam. Drugi je Francuz Yannick Noah koji je osvojio French Open 1983. Ashe je svrstan među najbolje tenisere svih vremena.

Rad nakon opraštanja od profesionalnog tenisa

Nakon opraštanja od profesionalnog tenisa Ashe se bavio mnogim stvarima kao npr: pisanje za Time magazin, komentiranja za ABC Sports i osnovao je Nacionalnu tenisku juniorsku ligu. Tokom 1983. podvrgnut je drugoj operaciji srca. Izabran je u Internacionalni teniski Hall of Fame 1985. Također osnovao je Arthur Ashe fondaciju za borbu protiv side.

Zalaganje u borbi za ljudska prava

Arthur prvi Afro-amerikanac koji je osvojio Grand Slam turnir i bio je aktivni borac za ljudska prava. Bio je član delegacije koju su jos činila 31 poznata Afro-amerikanca koji su zajedno posjetili Južnoafričku Republiku da provjere stanje u zemlji. Uhapšen je od strane policije 11. januara 1985. zbog protestiranja ispred Ambasade Južnoafričke Rebulike u Washington, D.C-u. Razlog njegovog protestovanja je bilo apartheid uređenje u toj državi. Ponovo je uhapšen 9. septembra 1992. u toku protesta ispred Bijele Kuće.

Nagrade i počasti

U njegovu počast centralni teren na kojem se igraju mečevi US Opena nazvan je Arthur Ashe Stadium.
Arthurov uspjeh na Wimbledonu 1975. je proglašeno 95-tim najvećim momentom u historiji sporta.
Arthur Ashe je od strane Molefi Kete Asantea svrstan među 100 najvećih Afro-amerikanaca.
Tennis magazin je Ashea stavio na 30. mjesto najboljih 40 tenisera Tenis ere.
Njegova žena je napisala knjigu "Daddy and Me" koja opisuje odnos njihove kćerke sa njenim ocem.Druga napisana knjiga "Arthur Ashe and Me" opisuje detaljno Arthurov život.

Rezultati na Grand Slam turnirima

Turnir	1968	1969	1970	1971	1972	1973	1974	1975	1976	1977¹		1978	1979	Karijera SR	Karijera pobjede/izgubljene
Australian Open	A	A	P	F	A	A	A	A	A	ČF	A	PF	A	1 / 4	16–3
French Open	A	4K	ČF	ČF	A	4K	4K	A	4K	A		4K	3K	0 / 8	25–8
Wimbledon	PF	PF	4K	3K	A	A	3K	P	4K	A		1K	1K	1 / 9	27–8
US Open	P	PF	ČF	PF	F	3K	ČF	4K	2K	A		4K	A	1 / 10	38–9
Pobjede-Izgubljene	11–1	13–3	15–3	15–4	6–1	5–2	9–3	10–1	7–3	3–1		10–4	2–2	N/A	106–28
SR	1 / 2	0 / 3	1 / 4	0 / 4	0 / 1	0 / 2	0 / 3	1 / 2	0 / 3	0 / 1		0 / 4	0 / 2	3 / 31	N/A

¹Australian Open je održan dva puta 1977. u januaru i decembru.

A = Nije nastupio na turniru
SR = Omjer osvajanja Grand Slam turnira i učešća na Grand Slam turnirima
K = Kolo, do kojeg je teniser stigao
ČF = Četvrtfinale
PF = Polufinale
F = Finale
P= Pobjeda, osvajanje turnira

Izvori

↑ http://www.tennis.com/features/40greatest/index.aspx The 40 Greatest players of the Open Era

Vanjske veze

Arthur Ashe na Wikimedijinoj ostavi

Oficijelna web stranica

Pobjednici Australian Opena

Pre Open Era

Rodney Heath (1905) • Anthony Wilding (1906) • Horace Rice (1907) • Fred Alexander (1908) • Anthony Wilding (1909) • Rodney Heath (1910) • Norman Brookes (1911) • James Cecil Parke (1912) • Ernie Parker (1913) • Arthur O'Hara Wood (1914) • Gordon Lowe (1915) • 1916 • 1917 • 1918 • Algernon Kingscote (1919) • Pat O'Hara Wood (1920) • Rhys Gemmell (1921) • James Anderson (1922) • Pat O'Hara Wood (1923) • James Anderson (1924) • James Anderson (1925) • John Hawkes (1926) • Gerald Patterson(1927) • Jean Borotra (1928) • John Colin Gregory (1929) • Edgar Moon (1930) • Jack Crawford (1931) • Jack Crawford (1932) • Jack Crawford (1933) • Fred Perry (1934) • Jack Crawford (1935) • Adrian Quist (1936) • Vivian McGrath (1937) • Don Budge (1938) • John Bromwich (1939) • Adrian Quist (1940) • 1941 • 1942 • 1943 • 1944 • 1945 • John Bromwich (1946) • Dinny Pails (1947) • Adrian Quist (1948) • Frank Sedgman (1949) • Frank Sedgman (1950) • Dick Savitt (1951) • Ken McGregor (1952) • Ken Rosewall (1953) • Mervyn Rose (1954) • Ken Rosewall (1955) • Lew Hoad (1956) • Ashley Cooper (1957) • Ashley Cooper (1958) • Alex Olmedo (1959) • Rod Laver (1960) • Roy Emerson (1961) • Rod Laver (1962) • Roy Emerson (1963) • Roy Emerson (1964) • Roy Emerson (1965) • Roy Emerson (1966) • Roy Emerson (1967) • William Bowrey (1968)

Open Era

p r u Pobjednici Wimbledona
Pre Open Era	Spencer Gore (1877) • Frank Hadow (1878) • John Hartley (1879) • John Hartley (1880) • William Renshaw (1881) • William Renshaw (1882) • William Renshaw (1883) • William Renshaw (1884) • William Renshaw (1885) • William Renshaw (1886) • Herbert Lawford (1887) • Ernest Renshaw (1888) • William Renshaw (1889) • Willoughby Hamilton (1890) • Wilfred Baddeley (1891) • Wilfred Baddeley (1892) • Joshua Pim (1893) • Joshua Pim (1894) • Wilfred Baddeley (1895) • Harold Mahony (1896) • Reginald Doherty (1897) • Reginald Doherty (1898) • Reginald Doherty (1899) • Reginald Doherty (1900) • Arthur Gore (1901) • Lawrence Doherty (1902) • Lawrence Doherty (1903) • Lawrence Doherty (1904) • Lawrence Doherty (1905) • Lawrence Doherty (1906) • Norman Brookes (1907) • Arthur Gore (1908) • Arthur Gore (1909) • Anthony Wilding (1910) • Anthony Wilding (1911) • Anthony Wilding (1912) • Anthony Wilding (1913) • Norman Brookes (1914) • 1915 • 1916 • 1917 • 1918 • Gerald Patterson (1919) • Bill Tilden (1920) • Bill Tilden (1921) • Gerald Patterson (1922) • Bill Johnston (1923) • Jean Borotra (1924) • René Lacoste (1925) • Jean Borotra (1926) • Henri Cochet (1927) • René Lacoste (1928) • Henri Cochet (1929) • Bill Tilden (1930) • Sidney Wood (1931) • Ellsworth Vines (1932) • Jack Crawford (1933) • Fred Perry (1934) • Fred Perry (1935) • Fred Perry (1936) • Don Budge (1937) • Don Budge (1938) • Bobby Riggs (1939) • 1940 • 1941 • 1942 • 1943 • 1944 • 1945 • Yvon Petra (1946) • Jack Kramer(1947) • Bob Falkenburg (1948) • Ted Schroeder (1949) • Budge Patty (1950) • Dick Savitt (1951) • Frank Sedgman (1952) • Vic Seixas (1953) • Jaroslav Drobný (1954) • Tony Trabert (1955) • Lew Hoad (1956) • Lew Hoad (1957) • Ashley Cooper (1958) • Alex Olmedo (1959) • Neale Fraser (1960) • Rod Laver (1961) • Rod Laver (1962) • Chuck McKinley (1963) • Roy Emerson (1964) • Roy Emerson (1965) • Manuel Santana (1966) • John Newcombe (1967)
Open Era	Rod Laver (1968) • Rod Laver (1969) • John Newcombe (1970) • John Newcombe (1971) • Stan Smith (1972) • Jan Kodeš (1973) • Jimmy Connors (1974) • Arthur Ashe (1975) • Björn Borg (1976) • Björn Borg (1977) • Björn Borg (1978) • Björn Borg (1979) • Björn Borg (1980) • John McEnroe (1981) • Jimmy Connors (1982) • John McEnroe (1983) • John McEnroe (1984) • Boris Becker (1985) • Boris Becker (1986) • Pat Cash (1987) • Stefan Edberg (1988) • Boris Becker (1989) • Stefan Edberg (1990) • Michael Stich (1991) • Andre Agassi (1992) • Pete Sampras (1993) • Pete Sampras (1994) • Pete Sampras (1995) • Richard Krajicek (1996) • Pete Sampras (1997) • Pete Sampras (1998) • Pete Sampras (1999) • Pete Sampras (2000) • Goran Ivanišević (2001) • Lleyton Hewitt (2002) • Roger Federer (2003) • Roger Federer (2004) • Roger Federer (2005) • Roger Federer (2006) • Roger Federer (2007) • Rafael Nadal (2008) • Roger Federer (2009) • Rafael Nadal (2010) • Novak Đoković (2011) • Roger Federer (2012) • Andy Murray (2013) • Novak Đoković (2014) • Novak Đoković (2015) • Andy Murray (2016) • Roger Federer (2017) • Novak Đoković (2018) • Novak Đoković (2019) • 2020 • Novak Đoković (2021) • Novak Đoković (2022) • Carlos Alcaraz (2023)

Pobjednici Wimbledona

Pre Open Era

Spencer Gore (1877) • Frank Hadow (1878) • John Hartley (1879) • John Hartley (1880) • William Renshaw (1881) • William Renshaw (1882) • William Renshaw (1883) • William Renshaw (1884) • William Renshaw (1885) • William Renshaw (1886) • Herbert Lawford (1887) • Ernest Renshaw (1888) • William Renshaw (1889) • Willoughby Hamilton (1890) • Wilfred Baddeley (1891) • Wilfred Baddeley (1892) • Joshua Pim (1893) • Joshua Pim (1894) • Wilfred Baddeley (1895) • Harold Mahony (1896) • Reginald Doherty (1897) • Reginald Doherty (1898) • Reginald Doherty (1899) • Reginald Doherty (1900) • Arthur Gore (1901) • Lawrence Doherty (1902) • Lawrence Doherty (1903) • Lawrence Doherty (1904) • Lawrence Doherty (1905) • Lawrence Doherty (1906) • Norman Brookes (1907) • Arthur Gore (1908) • Arthur Gore (1909) • Anthony Wilding (1910) • Anthony Wilding (1911) • Anthony Wilding (1912) • Anthony Wilding (1913) • Norman Brookes (1914) • 1915 • 1916 • 1917 • 1918 • Gerald Patterson (1919) • Bill Tilden (1920) • Bill Tilden (1921) • Gerald Patterson (1922) • Bill Johnston (1923) • Jean Borotra (1924) • René Lacoste (1925) • Jean Borotra (1926) • Henri Cochet (1927) • René Lacoste (1928) • Henri Cochet (1929) • Bill Tilden (1930) • Sidney Wood (1931) • Ellsworth Vines (1932) • Jack Crawford (1933) • Fred Perry (1934) • Fred Perry (1935) • Fred Perry (1936) • Don Budge (1937) • Don Budge (1938) • Bobby Riggs (1939) • 1940 • 1941 • 1942 • 1943 • 1944 • 1945 • Yvon Petra (1946) • Jack Kramer(1947) • Bob Falkenburg (1948) • Ted Schroeder (1949) • Budge Patty (1950) • Dick Savitt (1951) • Frank Sedgman (1952) • Vic Seixas (1953) • Jaroslav Drobný (1954) • Tony Trabert (1955) • Lew Hoad (1956) • Lew Hoad (1957) • Ashley Cooper (1958) • Alex Olmedo (1959) • Neale Fraser (1960) • Rod Laver (1961) • Rod Laver (1962) • Chuck McKinley (1963) • Roy Emerson (1964) • Roy Emerson (1965) • Manuel Santana (1966) • John Newcombe (1967)

Open Era

p r u Pobjednici US Opena
Pre Open Era	Richard Sears (1881) • Richard Sears (1882) • Richard Sears (1883) • Richard Sears (1884) • Richard Sears (1885) • Richard Sears (1886) • Richard Sears (1887) • Henry Slocum (1888) • Henry Slocum (1889) • Oliver Campbell (1890) • Oliver Campbell (1891) • Oliver Campbell (1892) • Robert Wrenn (1893) • Robert Wrenn (1894) • Frederick Hovey (1895) • Robert Wrenn (1896) • Robert Wrenn (1897) • Malcolm Whitman (1898) • Malcolm Whitman (1899) • Malcolm Whitman (1900) • William Larned (1901) • William Larned (1902) • Lawrence Doherty (1903) • Holcombe Ward (1904) • Beals Wright (1905) • William Clothier (1906) • William Larned (1907) • William Larned (1908) • William Larned (1909) • William Larned (1910) • William Larned (1911) • Maurice McLoughlin (1912) • Maurice McLoughlin (1913) • Richard Norris Williams (1914) • Bill Johnston (1915) • Richard Norris Williams (1916) • Robert Lindley Murray (1917) • Robert Lindley Murray (1918) • Bill Johnston (1919) • Bill Tilden (1920) • Bill Tilden (1921) • Bill Tilden (1922) • Bill Tilden (1923) • Bill Tilden (1924) • Bill Tilden (1925) • René Lacoste (1926) • René Lacoste (1927) • Henri Cochet (1928) • Bill Tilden (1929) • John Doeg (1930) • Ellsworth Vines (1931) • Ellsworth Vines (1932) • Fred Perry (1933) • Fred Perry (1934) • Wilmer Allison (1935) • Fred Perry (1936) • Don Budge (1937) • Don Budge (1938) • Bobby Riggs (1939) • Don McNeill (1940) • Bobby Riggs (1941) • Ted Schroeder (1942) • Joseph Hunt (1943) • Frank Parker (1944) • Frank Parker (1945) • Jack Kramer (1946) • Jack Kramer (1947) • Pancho Gonzales (1948) • Pancho Gonzales (1949) • Arthur Larsen (1950) • Frank Sedgman (1951) • Frank Sedgman (1952) • Tony Trabert (1953) • Vic Seixas (1954) • Tony Trabert (1955) • Ken Rosewall (1956) • Malcolm Anderson (1957) • Ashley Cooper (1958) • Neale Fraser (1959) • Neale Fraser (1960) • Roy Emerson (1961) • Rod Laver (1962) • Rafael Osuna (1963) • Roy Emerson (1964) • Manuel Santana (1965) • Fred Stolle (1966) • John Newcombe (1967)
Open Era	Arthur Ashe (1968) • Rod Laver (1969) • Ken Rosewall (1970) • Stan Smith (1971) • Ilie Năstase (1972) • John Newcombe (1973) • Jimmy Connors (1974) • Manuel Orantes (1975) • Jimmy Connors (1976) • Guillermo Vilas (1977) • Jimmy Connors (1978) • John McEnroe (1979) • John McEnroe (1980) • John McEnroe (1981) • Jimmy Connors (1982) • Jimmy Connors (1983) • John McEnroe (1984) • Ivan Lendl (1985) • Ivan Lendl (1986) • Ivan Lendl (1987) • Mats Wilander (1988) • Boris Becker (1989) • Pete Sampras (1990) • Stefan Edberg (1991) • Stefan Edberg (1992) • Pete Sampras (1993) • Andre Agassi (1994) • Pete Sampras (1995) • Pete Sampras (1996) • Patrick Rafter (1997) • Patrick Rafter (1998) • Andre Agassi (1999) • Marat Safin (2000) • Lleyton Hewitt (2001) • Pete Sampras (2002) • Andy Roddick (2003) • Roger Federer (2004) • Roger Federer (2005) • Roger Federer (2006) • Roger Federer (2007) • Roger Federer (2008) • Juan Martín del Potro (2009) • Rafael Nadal (2010) • Novak Đoković (2011) • Andy Murray (2012) • Rafael Nadal (2013) • Marin Čilić (2014) • Novak Đoković (2015) • Stanislas Wawrinka (2016) • Rafael Nadal (2017) • Novak Đoković (2018) • Rafael Nadal (2019) • Dominic Thiem (2020) • Danil Medvedev (2021) • Carlos Alcaraz (2022) • Novak Đoković (2023)

Pobjednici US Opena

Pre Open Era

Richard Sears (1881) • Richard Sears (1882) • Richard Sears (1883) • Richard Sears (1884) • Richard Sears (1885) • Richard Sears (1886) • Richard Sears (1887) • Henry Slocum (1888) • Henry Slocum (1889) • Oliver Campbell (1890) • Oliver Campbell (1891) • Oliver Campbell (1892) • Robert Wrenn (1893) • Robert Wrenn (1894) • Frederick Hovey (1895) • Robert Wrenn (1896) • Robert Wrenn (1897) • Malcolm Whitman (1898) • Malcolm Whitman (1899) • Malcolm Whitman (1900) • William Larned (1901) • William Larned (1902) • Lawrence Doherty (1903) • Holcombe Ward (1904) • Beals Wright (1905) • William Clothier (1906) • William Larned (1907) • William Larned (1908) • William Larned (1909) • William Larned (1910) • William Larned (1911) • Maurice McLoughlin (1912) • Maurice McLoughlin (1913) • Richard Norris Williams (1914) • Bill Johnston (1915) • Richard Norris Williams (1916) • Robert Lindley Murray (1917) • Robert Lindley Murray (1918) • Bill Johnston (1919) • Bill Tilden (1920) • Bill Tilden (1921) • Bill Tilden (1922) • Bill Tilden (1923) • Bill Tilden (1924) • Bill Tilden (1925) • René Lacoste (1926) • René Lacoste (1927) • Henri Cochet (1928) • Bill Tilden (1929) • John Doeg (1930) • Ellsworth Vines (1931) • Ellsworth Vines (1932) • Fred Perry (1933) • Fred Perry (1934) • Wilmer Allison (1935) • Fred Perry (1936) • Don Budge (1937) • Don Budge (1938) • Bobby Riggs (1939) • Don McNeill (1940) • Bobby Riggs (1941) • Ted Schroeder (1942) • Joseph Hunt (1943) • Frank Parker (1944) • Frank Parker (1945) • Jack Kramer (1946) • Jack Kramer (1947) • Pancho Gonzales (1948) • Pancho Gonzales (1949) • Arthur Larsen (1950) • Frank Sedgman (1951) • Frank Sedgman (1952) • Tony Trabert (1953) • Vic Seixas (1954) • Tony Trabert (1955) • Ken Rosewall (1956) • Malcolm Anderson (1957) • Ashley Cooper (1958) • Neale Fraser (1959) • Neale Fraser (1960) • Roy Emerson (1961) • Rod Laver (1962) • Rafael Osuna (1963) • Roy Emerson (1964) • Manuel Santana (1965) • Fred Stolle (1966) • John Newcombe (1967)